The layout of Chinese cnc lathes mainly consists of the main shaft, tailstock and other components relative to the bed, which is basically the same as that of horizontal lathes. However, the layout of the tool post and guide rails of the lathe has undergone fundamental changes. This is because the layout of the tool post and guide rails directly affects the performance of the cnc turning machine, as well as its structure and appearance. In addition, all cnc lathes are equipped with enclosed protective devices. There are four layout forms for the relative position of the bed guide rails and the horizontal plane of Chinese cnc lathe machine.
1. The horizontal bed has good processability and is convenient for processing the guide rail surface. A horizontal bed with horizontally configured tools can increase the movement speed of the tool post and is generally suitable for the layout of large CNC lathes or small precision CNC lathes. However, the space under the horizontal bed is small, which makes chip removal difficult. From the perspective of structural dimensions, the horizontal placement of the tool rest makes the lateral dimension of the slide plate longer, thereby increasing the structural dimensions in the width direction of the machine tool.
2. The layout form of a horizontal bed equipped with an inclined slide plate and an inclined guide rail protection cover, on the one hand, the China cnc lathe machine has the feature of good processability of the horizontal bed; On the other hand, the width dimension of the machine tool is smaller than that of the horizontally configured slide plate, and chip removal is more convenient.
3. The layout forms of horizontal beds with inclined slide plates and inclined beds with inclined slide plates are widely adopted by small and medium-sized CNC lathes. This is because these two layout forms are easy to remove chips, and the chips will not accumulate on the guide rails, which makes it convenient to install an automatic chip conveyor. It is convenient to operate and easy to install the mechanical hand to achieve single-machine automation. The machine tool occupies a small area, has a simple and beautiful appearance, and is easy to achieve closed protection.
4. The inclination angles of the guide rails for the inclined bed can be 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° (referred to as vertical bed), among others. The inclination Angle is small, making chip removal inconvenient. The inclination Angle is large, the guiding property of the guide rail is poor, and the force condition is also poor. The size of the guide rail inclination Angle will also directly affect the ratio of height to width of the machine tool's external dimensions. Taking all the above factors into account, for medium and small-sized CNC lathes, the inclination angles of the bed are preferably 30° and 45°.
