The application of ball screws in high-precision CNC machine tools is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1.Improving production efficiency: Appropriately increasing the rotational speed, lead and the number of thread heads of the ball screw can enhance the production efficiency of CNC machine tools. For instance, the nominal diameter and lead of commonly used large-lead ball screws are matched with 40mm×20mm, 50mm×25mm, 50mm×30mm, etc., and their feed speed can reach over 60m/min.
2.Improving processing accuracy: During operation, ball screws generate high temperatures due to friction, causing thermal deformation of the screws and directly affecting the processing accuracy of the machine tool. To solve this problem, the "hollow strong cooling" technology can be adopted, which involves introducing constant-temperature cutting fluid into the holes of the hollow lead screw to forcibly cool the ball screw and maintain a constant temperature of the ball pair. This technology is an effective way to enhance the high-speed performance and working accuracy of medium and large-sized ball screws.
3.Achieving high-speed feed: For the large-stroke high-speed feed system of high-precision CNC machine tools, the application of ball screws is also very important. At this point, a transmission method with a screw fixed and a nut rotating can be adopted. As the nut rotates while moving axially along the fixed screw, it can avoid being limited by the critical speed and achieve high-speed micro-feed. In addition, ball screws have low inertia, flexible movement and can achieve high rotational speeds.
4.Enhancing load-bearing capacity: To improve the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of ball screws, large-lead ball screws generally adopt double-ended threads to increase the effective number of load-bearing turns of the balls.
In addition, ball screws also have the basic characteristics of high efficiency, high precision and high surface quality, and thus have been widely applied in industries such as aerospace, automotive industry, mold manufacturing, optoelectronic engineering and instrumentation.
